TEXTINPUT TEMPLATE
{  Each piece of text must terminate with a '.' as the first character
{  in the line.  Text beginning with a LH brace "{" is ignored.
{  DO NOT change or delete the text headings (i.e. the text in capitals)
{  The program reads these to ensure formatting is OK.  If they
{  are changed at all, an error will result.
{
{
HELP ALLOWED?
{  Determines if the student will be shown the help screens
y
{
{
FIELD SCREEN
{  Describes the initial scene.  A maximum of 12 lines allowed
{
You are standing in an apple orchard in the Waikato.  Most of the 4 - 5 year
old trees here appear small and unthrifty.  It is close to harvest, but the
few small fruit these sick trees have produced litter the weedy ground.

From your conversations with the grower, it seems the plants have never done
well, but this year has been particularly bad.

As you walk through the affected block, you notice the most pathetic
specimens lie in the low areas.  You stop in front of one particularly
unhealthy tree for a closer examination.

An almost bankrupt grower is here with you.
.
{
{  Now come the verbs and nouns for the field examination.  No more than
{  6 lines are allowed.  After CLUE (which must appear immediately
{  below every verb/noun combination) a single space then a "n" or "y" 
{  must be entered depending on whether the action reveals a vital clue or 
{  not.  If "y" is entered it must immediately be followed by a number from
{  1 to 12 indicating which particular clue it is so it can be flagged during
{  the running of the game.  This number corresponds to a comment given
{  during the debriefing at the end of the game (see the postmortem section
{  towards the end of the file).
{
{  After PICTURE = (which must appear immediately below CLUE)
{  a single space and then either the word "none" should appear or 
{  a graphics filename if a graphics screen is to be shown after the text
{
EXAMINE PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_1.gif
Most of the trees here appear small and unthrifty.  It is close to harvest
but the few small fruit these sick trees have produced litter the ground.
.
EXAMINE LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE y1
PICTURE = none
Many of the remaining leaves are small, highly coloured and in an advanced 
state of choloris or necrosis.  You examine a few with a hand lens but
there are no signs of pests or pathogens on the surface.
.
EXAMINE STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The bark on the trunk appears normal, although it shows cracks at the base
of the tree.  You squat down for a closer look and notice that the bark is
peeling away and appears discoloured.
.
EXAMINE SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
What seed?  Do you mean fruit?!
.
EXAMINE BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The youngest twigs have lost most of their leaves, and dieback is occuring
from the tips.  Nothing appears wrong with the main branches.
.
EXAMINE ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE y2
PICTURE = none
You dig up some surface roots close to the trunk.  These roots are black and
unhealthy looking.  You run your fingernail down a typical specimen and the
cortex comes away in a slimy mass!
.
EXAMINE FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Flowers!  It's late summer, not spring!
.
EXAMINE FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You pick an apple from amongst the weeds.  It is small and has failed to
colour.  The ones on the trees are no better.
.
EXAMINE WEEDS
CLUE y4
PICTURE = none
The weeds, consisting mainly of dock and buttercup, have been affected
by something.  The older surviving leaves are covered with irregular
areas of necrosis.  The younger emerging leaves look O.K.
.
EXAMINE SOIL
{or earth or ground}
CLUE y3
PICTURE = none
You dig up some soil, which proves to be a moist, black, heavy, peat.
.
CUT PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The plant is pretty big!  Be more specific.
.
CUT LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You take some leaves and cut into them.  You see nothing unusual.
.
CUT STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE y5
PICTURE = /r 0_2.gif
Squatting down, you take out your pocketknife and cut into the bark at the
base of a tree.  The bark and phloem is seen to be dark brown and it has
a sour smell.  Further cutting reveals this discolouration extends up and
around the trunk, and down along the main roots.
.
CUT SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
What seed?  Do you mean fruit?!
.
CUT BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You take a small branch from a part of the tree showing extreme symptoms and
cut into it.  There is no evidence of staining...there's nothing out of the 
ordinary here.
.
CUT ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You cut through a piece of root.  The cortex is rotten.  Hmmm...you think
to yourself.  You discard it thoughtfully.
.
CUT FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Flowers!  It's late summer, not spring!
.
CUT FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You take a typical specimen and cut into it.  It looks normal inside.
.
CUT WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
It's not worth doing that!
.
CUT SOIL
{or earth or ground}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
It's not worth doing that!
.
SMELL PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a faint whiff from afar of body odour 
and stale beer.  It seems the grower is economising on soap and water!
.
SMELL LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a faint whiff from afar of body odour 
and stale beer.  It seems the grower is economising on soap and water!
.
SMELL STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a slightly sour aroma down at the
base.
.
SMELL SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
What seed?  Do you mean fruit?!
.
SMELL BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a faint whiff from afar of body odour 
and stale beer.  It seems the grower is economising on soap and water!
.
SMELL ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Whew..they have a sour smell.
.
SMELL FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Flowers!  It's late summer, not spring!
.
SMELL FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a faint whiff from afar of body odour 
and stale beer.  It seems the grower is economising on soap and water!
.
SMELL WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a faint whiff from afar of body odour 
and stale beer.  It seems the grower is economising on soap and water!
.
SMELL SOIL
{or earth or ground}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You smell nothing unusual, except for a faint whiff from afar of body odour 
and stale beer.  It seems the grower is economising on soap and water!
.
FEEL PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
It's rough
.
FEEL LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
There is nothing unusual!
.
FEEL STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
There is nothing unusual!
.
FEEL SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
What seed?  Do you mean fruit?!
.
FEEL BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
There is nothing unusual!
.
FEEL ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Ugh, the roots feel slimy!
.
FEEL FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Flowers!  It's late summer, not spring!
.
FEEL FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
There is nothing unusual!  They just don't feel very big
.
FEEL WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Your reach down and pull up a handful of weed.  Ow!  There is stinging
nettle here.
.
FEEL SOIL
{or earth or ground}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
It feels wet!
.
{
{  Now the responses from the grower are supplied.  As before, a maximum
{  of 6 lines are permitted.  Clues flags and picture files are 
{  supplied in the same way as above.
{
ASK GROWER ABOUT...
WEATHER
{or rainfall or humidity or environment or temperature}
CLUE y6
PICTURE = none
The grower informs you of the high rainfall he's experienced this season.
he seems to think there is a connection with the inability to get fungicides
on the crop (due to rain) and the symptoms the trees are now exhibiting.
.
FUNGICIDES
{or bacteriacides}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The grower opens his spray diary and offers it to you.  A quick examination
reveals the grower sprays to a calandar schedule using SYLLIT for black
spot and mildew every 10 days, with the odd RUBIGAN thrown in for good
measure. The last spray was SYLLIT, 5 days ago.

You hand the spray diary back to the grower.
.
INSECTICIDES
{or acaricides or miticides}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The grower hands his spray diary to you.  A quick examination shows GUSATHION
was applied every 10 days or so (weather permitting).  The last application
occurred 5 days ago.  Predatory mites are active in the orchard and miticides
are seldom required.

You hand the diary back to the grower.
.
HERBICIDES
{or weedicides}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The grower informs you that a PREEGLONE/SIMAZINE mix was used in the spring,
and a clean-up spray of PREEGLONE was applied just last week.
.
FERTILIZER
{or manure or compost}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The grower tells you that a general NPK mix was applied in the spring.
He also shows you the results of a recent soil test which seems to
indicate nothing unusual.
.
DRAINAGE
{or flooding}
CLUE y10
PICTURE = none
The grower tells you drainage is poor, and that the low lying areas retain
water for some time.
.
IRRIGATION
{or watering}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The grower informs you that there is no irrigation system.  The region
gets more than enough rain!
.
VARIETY
{or cultivar}
CLUE y7
PICTURE = none
The grower tells you the variety is Cox's Orange.  He goes on to say
that he considers newer varieties a passing fad and will stick with one
that is tried and true.
.
HISTORY
{or past or management}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The grower tells you that before the apples were planted, the land had been
old dairy pasture.  No unusal events have happened in the past...the plants 
seemed to thrive initially but in the last two years growth has been poor.
.
{
{
{  The following input determines what can be taken from the field to the lab.
{  A "y" or "n" must follow on the line immediately after the object
{  in question
{
WHAT CAN BE TAKEN?
PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
n
LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
y
STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
y
SEED
{or grain}
n
BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
y
ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
y
FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
n
FRUIT
{or berries}
y
WEEDS
y
SOIL
y
{
{
{  The next section describes the scene in the laboratory.  A maximum
{  of 8 lines is allowed
{
LAB SCREEN
You are in the lab.  On the bench to your right are low and high power
microscopes.  Various equipment for the examination of specimens is here
on the bench including slides, mounting fluid, needles, scalpels and tissue
papers.  On the surrounding benches lie petri dishes, filter paper, glass
rods, bunsen burners, measuring cylinders, sterilizing solutions, agar
plates and all the paraphernalia of a diagnostic laboratory.

Several others are here, all working on their own diagnostic problems.
.
{
{
{  The following section deals with what is seen after each laboratory
{  procedure is carried out.  A maximum of six lines are allowed
{  for each procedure/object.  If it is an object which cannot be taken
{  from the field simply leave the response section blank
{  Clues are handled as before.
{
{
MICROEXAMINATION OF...
PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
{  N/A in this case as you can't take a whole tree into the laboratory }
.
LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You examine the leaves under the dissecting microscope.  Apart from chlorosis
and necrosis, not much else is visible.
.
STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE y8
PICTURE = /r 0_3.gif
You examine the pieces of infected wood under the dissecting microscope.
No signs of any pathogen although the tissue is definitely rotton.  You cut
a very thin section and look at it under the compound microscope.

Ah ha!  This looks interesting...!
.
SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
{None in this case.  There are no seeds}
.
BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You examine some dying twigs under the dissecting microscope.  There are no
signs of anything here.
.
ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE y8
PICTURE = /r 0_3.gif
You examine the pieces of infected root under the dissecting microscope.
No signs of any pathogen although the tissue is definitely rotton.  You cut
a very thin section and look at it under the compound microscope.

Ah ha!  This looks interesting...!
.
FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
{  N/A in this case as there are no flowers grown
.
FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
There is nothing unusual in or on the fruit.
.
WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
The weeds all have large brown lesions on them but there are no signs of
pathogens.
.
SOIL
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
There is no point examining that under the microscope.
.
PLATING TO AGAR OF...
PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_5.gif
You remove petri dishes containing the leaves from the incubator.  Ah ha,
some dark-coloured colonies are present!  You examine them under the compound
microscope, using appropriate magnifications.
.
STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE y9
PICTURE = /r 0_4.gif
You remove petri dishes containing slivers of trunk wood from the incubator.
Hmm, there appear to be hyaline colonies present.  You examine them under
the compound microscope using appropriate magnifications.
.
SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_5.gif
You remove petri dishes, containing slivers of wood from branches
where the leaves seemed affected, from the incubator.  There are dark
colonies present.  You view them under the compound microscope, using 
appropriate magnifications.
.
ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE y9
PICTURE = /r 0_4.gif
You remove petri dishes containing sections of root from the incubator.
Hmm..there are hyaline colonies present.  You examine these under the
compound microscope, using appropriate magnifications.
.
FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You remove the petri dishes containing pieces of fruit from the incubator
and examine them for colonies.  You see....nothing!
.
WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_5.gif
You remove from the incubator petri dishes containing small cut-up
pieces of the weeds present.  Ah, ha!  there are dark colonies present.
You examine the colonies present under the compound microscope, using 
appropriate magnifications.
.
SOIL
CLUE y9
PICTURE = /r 0_4.gif
You remove the petri dishes containing soil from the incubator and examine
the hyaline colonies present under the compound microscope, using 
appropriate magnifications.
.
PLACING IN HIGH HUMIDITY OF...
PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_5.gif
You remove the leaf tissue from the humid chamber.  There are spores
present on the cut surfaces!  You examine these under the dissecting
and compound microscopes, using appropriate magnifications.
.
STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE y9
PICTURE = /r 0_4.gif
You remove the wood (from trunk) from the humid chamber.  There seems
to be a few light-coloured spores present.  Your examine these under
the dissecting and compound microscopes, using appropriate magnifications.
.
SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_5.gif
You remove the wood (from branches) from the humid chamber.  There are spores
present on the cut surfaces!  You examine these under the dissecting and
compound microscopes, using appropriate magnifications.
.
ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE y9
PICTURE = /r 0_4.gif
You remove the root tissue from the humid chamber.  There seems to be a few 
light-coloured spores present.  Your examine these under the dissecting and 
compound microscopes, using appropriate magnifications.
.
FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
You remove the cut fruit from the humid chamber and examine it under
the dissecting and compound microscopes, using appropriate magnifications.

You see...nothing!
.
WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_5.gif
You remove the weed fragments from the humid chamber.  There are spores
present on the cut surfaces!  You examine these under the dissecting and
compound microscopes, using appropriate magnifications.
.
SOIL
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Nothing can be seen on the soil.  It wasn't worth doing that!
.
EXTRACTING FOR NEMATODES FROM...
PLANT
{or tree or bush or shrubs or vines}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
LEAVES
{or leaf or foliage}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Leaf samples are removed from the extraction apparatus and viewed under a
dissecting microscope.  No nematodes are found.
.
STEM
{or trunk or bark or crown or corm or base or bulb}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Samples of wood from the trunk are removed from the extraction apparatus and
viewed under a dissecting microscope.  No nematodes are found.
.
SEED
{or grain}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
BRANCH
{or twig or shoot or cane}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Samples of wood from the branches are removed from the extraction apparatus
and viewed under a dissecting microscope.  No nematodes are found.
.
ROOT
{or tuber or rhizome}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Root samples are removed from the extraction apparatus and viewed under a
dissecting microscope.  No nematodes are found.
.
FLOWERS
{or blossoms}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
.
FRUIT
{or berries}
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Fruit samples are removed from the extraction apparatus and viewed under a
dissecting microscope.  No nematodes are found.
.
WEEDS
CLUE n
PICTURE = none
Weed samples are removed from the extraction apparatus and viewed under a
dissecting microscope.  No nematodes are found.
.
SOIL
CLUE n
PICTURE = /r 0_6.gif
Soil samples are removed from the extraction apparatus and viewed under a
dissecting microscope.  Many nematodes are visible in the petri dish!
An examination of a number of individuals under high power reveal they
are mostly of a single type.
.
{
{
{  The correct diagnosis appears below.  It must be a single line of text
{  and no more than 62 characters long.  No '.' is needed on the line
{  following it
{
DIAGNOSIS
Collar rot of apples caused by Phytophthora cactorum.
{
{
{  The de-briefing introductory screen appears below.  This is usually
{  involved with the clues which can be gleaned from the field screen.
{  Fourteen lines are allowed and as before, the block is terminated with
{  a "." on a line by itself.
{
DE-BRIEFING INTRO
Firstly, the orchard was in the Waikato, a much wetter area than the
traditional apple growing areas of Hawkes Bay and Nelson.  The trees in the
low-lying areas were most affected and that should have lead you to suspect
a relationship between the disease and water.  Root rotting Oomycetes like
Phytophthora cactorum are dependent on water for zoospore movement.
.
{
{
{  The following block deals with the de-briefing depending what clues
{  the player observed or failed to observe.  If the clue was observed,
{  the reason for it being a clue should be reiterated and if it was
{  not observed, the text can be prefaced with "You should have..."
{  or something similar
{
{  The clue number should be alone on the line immediately preceeding
{  the appropriate text.
{
{  A total of twelve clues can be entered and the text regarding each one 
{  must be no more than 6 lines (including blank lines), terminated with a 
{  ".".  IMPORTANT:  If there are less than 12 clues, delete the clue 
{  numbers that are surplus to requirements. See PHYTOROT.TXT.
{
CLUES FOUND
1
* The leaves showed symptoms of nutrient and water stress, usually an
  indication that there something is amiss with the roots.
.
2
* The cortex (inner bark) of the roots was rotten, a common symptom of a 
  root rot disease.
.
3
* The soil was heavy and would hold water for some time, which is conducive
  to many root rots.
.
4
* The weed species are typical of a heavy, wet soil.
.
5
* Brown discoloured wood at the crown or foot of the tree is very typical of
  phytophthora root rot
.
6
* The grower remarked on how much rain they had recently, again conducive to
  root rot.
.
7
* The apple variety Cox's orange is very susceptible to this fungus.
.
8
* Oospores could be seen in diseased tissue under high magnification.
.
9
* The fungus which grew out into agar from the roots from the diseased roots
  is unmistakably a Phytophthora
.
10
* The drainage was poor, which would have contributed to waterlogged soil
  which is conducive the fungus in question.
.
END CLUES FOUND
CLUES LOST
1
* You should have looked at the leaves.  These were showing signs of nutrient
  and water stress, always a good sign that something is wrong with the roots.
.
2
* You should have looked at the roots.  The cortex of the roots was rotten, a
  common symptom of a root rot disease.
.
3
* An examination of the soil would have proved useful. It was heavy and
  would hold water for some time, which is conducive to many root rots.
.
4
* The weed species present indicated a heavy, wet soil.  You should
  have noted these.
.
5
* Cutting away some of the bark on the crown would have been worthwhile.
  The brown discoloured wood at the crown or foot of the tree you would have
  seen is very typical of Phytophthora root rot.
.
6
* Often asking the right questions can be helpful.  If asked about the weather
  the grower would have remarked on how much rain they had recently, a factor
  conducive to root rot.
.
7
* Always find out the variety.  Cox's orange is very susceptible to this
  fungus.
.
8
* An examination of diseased root tissue under high power would have shown
  oospores.
.
9
* To confirm your suspicions you should always isolate to agar where
  possible and examine the organism under high power.
.
10
* It would have been worth asking the grower about drainage of the
  property.  He would have told you it was poor (thus contributing
  to waterlogging and Phytophthora root rot.
.
END CLUES LOST
{
{
{  The final de-briefing screen appears below.  This can outline
{  any red herrings or the like which were introduced into the game.
{  Fourteen lines are allowed and as before, the block is terminated with
{  a "." on a line by itself.
{
DE-BRIEFING END
A number of red herrings were present.  For example, you may have grown
a fungus out of the leaves.  It was not a pathogen, but simply a common
saprophyte (Alternaria alternata) growing on the dead tissue.

Also, the weeds were showing necrotic lesions.  However, this was not a
disease.  Rather, the plants had been sprayed with paraquat recently, a
fact which could have been extracted from the grower.

Nematodes could be found in the soil under the roots.  However, their 
mouthparts are not those of a plant feeding species.


.
{  The final entry is the external program (with pathway if necessary)
{  that will be used to show any graphic screens present.  In this
{  case it is vpic.exe
{
GRAPHICS SHOW PROGRAM
vpic.exe
{
{
END
{
{
{DIAGNOSIS ver 1.1 (C) Copyright 1991, Massey University, New Zealand
{All Rights Reserved
{
{PHYTOROT.TXT prepared by Terry M. Stewart
{                         Department of Plant Health
{                         Massey University
{                         Palmerston North
{                         New Zealand